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IL410/IL4108
Vishay Semiconductors
Optocoupler, Phototriac Output, Zero Crossing, High dV/dt, Low Input Current
FEATURES
* High input sensitivity
A1 C2 NC 3 ZCC* 6 MT2 5 NC 4 MT1
* IFT = 2.0 mA, PF = 1.0 * IFT = 5.0 mA, PF 1.0 * 300 mA on-state current * Zero voltage crossing detector * 600/800 V blocking voltage * High static dV/dt 10 kV/s * Inverse parallel SCRs provide commutating dV/dt >10 kV/s * Very low leakage < 10 A * Isolation test voltage 5300 VRMS * Small 6-pin DIP package * Lead (Pb)-free component * Component in accordance to RoHS 2002/95/EC and WEEE 2002/96/EC
*Zero Crossing Circuit
i179030
DESCRIPTION
The IL410/IL4108 consists of a GaAs IRLED optically coupled to a photosensitive zero crossing TRIAC network. The TRIAC consists of two inverse parallel connected monolithic SCRs. These three semiconductors are assembled in a six pin dual in-line package. High input sensitivity is achieved by using an emitter follower phototransistor and a cascaded SCR predriver resulting in an LED trigger current of less than 2.0 mA (DC). The IL410/IL4108 uses two discrete SCRs resulting in a commutating dV/dt greater than 10 kV/ms. The use of a proprietary dV/dt clamp results in a static dV/dt of greater than 10 kV/ms. This clamp circuit has a MOSFET that is enhanced when high dV/dt spikes occur between MT1 and MT2 of the TRIAC. When conducting, the FET clamps the base of the phototransistor, disabling the first stage SCR predriver. The zero cross line voltage detection circuit consists of two enhancement MOSFETS and a photodiode. The inhibit voltage of the network is determined by the enhancement voltage of the N-channel FET. The P-channel FET is enabled by a photocurrent source that permits the FET to conduct the main voltage to gate on the N-channel FET. Once the main voltage can enable the N-channel, it clamps the base of the phototransistor, disabling the first stage SCR predriver. The 600/800 V blocking voltage permits control of off-line voltages up to 240 VAC, with a safety factor of more than two, and is sufficient for as much as 380 VAC. The IL410/IL4108 isolates low-voltage logic from 120, 240, and 380 VAC lines to control resistive, inductive, or capacitive loads including motors, solenoids, high current thyristors or TRIAC and relays.
APPLICATIONS
* Solid-state relays * Industrial controls * Office equipment * Consumer appliances
AGENCY APPROVALS
* UL1577, file no. E52744 system code H or J, double protection * CSA 93751 * FIMKO and BSI IEC 60950; IEC 60065 only for IL4108 * DIN EN 60747-5-2 (VDE 0884)/DIN EN 60747-5-5 pending available with option 1
ORDER INFORMATION
PART IL410 IL4108 IL410-X006 IL410-X007 IL410-X009 REMARKS 600 V VDRM, DIP-6 800 V VDRM, DIP-6 600 V VDRM, DIP-6 400 mil (option 6) 600 V VDRM, SMD-6 (option 7) 600 V VDRM, SMD-6 (option 9)
Document Number: 83627 Rev. 1.6, 09-Jan-08
For technical questions, contact: optocoupler.answers@vishay.com
www.vishay.com 1
IL410/IL4108
Vishay Semiconductors Optocoupler, Phototriac Output, Zero
Crossing, High dV/dt, Low Input Current
ORDER INFORMATION
PART IL4108-X006 IL4108-X007 IL4108-X009 Note For additional information on the available options refer to option information. REMARKS 800 V VDRM, DIP-6 400 mil (option 6) 800 V VDRM, SMD-6 (option 7) 800 V VDRM, SMD-6 (option 9)
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
PARAMETER INPUT Reverse voltage Forward current Surge current Power dissipation Derate from 25 C OUTPUT Peak off-state voltage RMS on-state current Single cycle surge current Total power dissipation Derate from 25 C COUPLER Isolation test voltage (between emitter and detector, climate per DIN 500414, part 2, Nov. 74) Pollution degree (DIN VDE 0109) Creepage distance Clearance distance Comparative tracking index per DIN IEC 112/VDE 0303 part 1, group IIIa per DIN VDE 6110 Isolation resistance Storage temperature range Ambient temperature Soldering temperature (2)
(1)
TEST CONDITION
PART
SYMBOL VR IF IFSM Pdiss
VALUE 6.0 60 2.5 100 1.33 600 800 300 3.0 500 6.6
UNIT V mA A mW mW/C V V mA A mW mW/C
IL410 IL4108
VDM VDM ITM Pdiss
t = 1.0 min
VISO
5300 2 7.0 7.0
VRMS
mm mm
CTI VIO = 500 V, Tamb = 25 C VIO = 500 V, Tamb = 100 C RIO RIO Tstg Tamb max. 10 s dip soldering 0.5 mm from case bottom Tsld
175 1012 1011 - 55 to + 150 - 55 to + 100 260 C C C
Notes (1) T amb = 25 C, unless otherwise specified. Stresses in excess of the absolute maximum ratings can cause permanent damage to the device. Functional operation of the device is not implied at these or any other conditions in excess of those given in the operational sections of this document. Exposure to absolute maximum ratings for extended periods of the time can adversely affect reliability. (2) Refer to reflow profile for soldering conditions for surface mounted devices (SMD). Refer to wave profile for soldering conditions for through hole devices (DIP).
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For technical questions, contact: optocoupler.answers@vishay.com
Document Number: 83627 Rev. 1.6, 09-Jan-08
IL410/IL4108
Optocoupler, Phototriac Output, Zero Vishay Semiconductors Crossing, High dV/dt, Low Input Current
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
PARAMETER INPUT Forward voltage Reverse current Input capacitance Thermal resistance, junction to ambient OUTPUT Off-state voltage Repetitive peak off-state voltage ID(RMS) = 70 A IDRM = 100 A VD = VDRM, Tamb = 100 C, IF = 0 mA VD = VDRM, IF = Rated IFT On-state voltage On-state current Surge (non-repetitive), on-state current Trigger current 1 Trigger current 2 Trigger current temp. gradient Inhibit voltage temp. gradient Off-state current in inhibit state Holding current Latching current Zero cross inhibit voltage Turn-on time Turn-off time Critical rate of rise of off-state voltage VT = 2.2 V IF = Rated IFT VRM = VDM = VD(RMS) PF = 1.0, IT = 300 mA VD = 0.67 VDRM, Tj = 25 C VD = 0.67 VDRM, Tj = 80 C VD = 0.67 VDRM, dI/dtcrq 15 A/ms, Tj = 25 C VD = 0.67 VDRM, dI/dtcrq 15 A/ms, Tj = 80 C IF = IFT1, VDRM IT = 300 mA PF = 1.0, VT(RMS) = 1.7 V f = 50 Hz VD = 5.0 V VOP = 220 V, f = 50 Hz, Tj = 100 C, tpF > 10 ms IL410 IL4108 IL410 IL4108 VD(RMS) VD(RMS) VDRM VDRM ID(RMS)1 ID(RMS)2 VTM ITM ITSM IFT1 IFT2 IFT1/Tj IFT2/Tj VDINH/Tj IDINH IH IL VIH ton toff dV/dtcr dVcrq/dt dV/dtcrq dV/dtcrq dI/dtcrq Rthja 10000 5000 10000 5000 8.0 150 7.0 7.0 - 20 50 65 5.0 15 35 50 25 200 500 1.7 424 565 600 800 10 100 200 3.0 300 3.0 2.0 6.0 14 14 460 V V V V A A V mA A mA mA A/C A/C mV/C A A mA V s s V/s V/s V/s V/s A/s C/W IF = 10 mA VR = 6.0 V VF = 0 V, f = 1.0 MHz VF IR CIN Rthja 1.16 0.1 25 750 1.35 10 V A pF C/W TEST CONDITION PART SYMBOL MIN. TYP. MAX. UNIT
Off-state current
Critical rate of rise of voltage at current commutation Critical rate of rise of on-state Thermal resistance, junction to ambient COUPLER Critical rate of rise of coupled input/output voltage Common mode coupling capacitance Capacitance (input to output) Isolation resistance
IT = 0 A, VRM = VDM = VD(RMS)
dVIO/dt CCM
10000 0.01 0.8 1012 1011
V/s pF pF
f = 1.0 MHz, VIO = 0 V VIO = 500 V, Tamb = 25 C VIO = 500 V, Tamb = 100 C
CIO RIO RIO
Note Tamb = 25 C, unless otherwise specified. Minimum and maximum values are testing requirements. Typical values are characteristics of the device and are the result of engineering evaluation. Typical values are for information only and are not part of the testing requirements.
Document Number: 83627 Rev. 1.6, 09-Jan-08
For technical questions, contact: optocoupler.answers@vishay.com
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IL410/IL4108
Vishay Semiconductors Optocoupler, Phototriac Output, Zero
Crossing, High dV/dt, Low Input Current
POWER FACTOR CONSIDERATIONS
A snubber isn't needed to eliminate false operation of the TRIAC driver because of the IL410/IL4108's high static and commutating dV/dt with loads between 1.0 and 0.8 power factors. When inductive loads with power factors less than 0.8 are being driven, include a RC snubber or a single capacitor directly across the device to damp the peak commutating dV/dt spike. Normally a commutating dV/dt causes a turning-off device to stay on due to the stored energy remaining in the turning-off device. But in the case of a zero voltage crossing optotriac, the commutating dV/dt spikes can inhibit one half of the TRIAC from turning on. If the spike potential exceeds the inhibit voltage of the zero cross detection circuit, half of the TRIAC will be held-off and not turn-on. This hold-off condition can be eliminated by using a snubber or capacitor placed directly across the optotriac as shown in Figure 1. Note that the value of the capacitor increases as a function of the load current. The hold-off condition also can be eliminated by providing a higher level of LED drive current. The higher LED drive provides a larger photocurrent which causes the phototransistor to turn-on before the commutating spike has activated the zero cross network. Figure 2 shows the relationship of the LED drive for power factors of less than 1.0. The curve shows that if a device requires 1.5 mA for a resistive load, then 1.8 times (2.7 mA) that amount would be required to control an inductive load whose power factor is less than 0.3.
1
Cs - Shunt Capacitance (F)
Cs (F) = 0.0032 (F)*10^0.0066 IL (mA)
0.1
0.01
Ta = 25 C, PF = 0.3 IF = 2.0 mA
0.001 0 iil410_01 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
IL - Load Current (mA) (RMS)
Fig. 1 - Shunt Capacitance vs. Load Current
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Tamb = 25 C, unless otherwise specified
2.0
1.4
NIFth - Normalized LED Trigger Current
VF - Forward Voltage (V)
1.8 1.6 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.0
IFth Normalized to IFth at PF = 1.0 Ta = 25 C
1.3 1.2 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.1
Ta = - 55 C Ta = 25 C
Ta = 85 C
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1
10
100
iil410_02
PF - Power Factor
iil410_03
IF - Forward Current (mA)
Fig. 2 - Normalized LED Trigger Current vs. Power Factor
Fig. 3 - Forward Voltage vs. Forward Current
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For technical questions, contact: optocoupler.answers@vishay.com
Document Number: 83627 Rev. 1.6, 09-Jan-08
IL410/IL4108
Optocoupler, Phototriac Output, Zero Vishay Semiconductors Crossing, High dV/dt, Low Input Current
10000 400 ITRMS = f(VT), RthJA = 150 K/W Device switch soldered in pcb or base plate.
If(pk) - Peak LED Current (mA)
Duty Factor 1000 0.005 0.01 0.02 0.05 0.1 0.2 0.5 t DF = /t
ITRMS (mA)
101
300
200
100
100
10 10-6 10-5 10-4 10-3 10-2 10-1 10 0
iil410_04
0 0
iil410_07
20
40
60
80
100
t - LED Pulse Duration (s)
TA (C)
Fig. 7 - Current Reduction
Fig. 4 - Peak LED Current vs. Duty Factor,
150
400
LED- LED Power (mW)
100
ITRMS (mA)
300
200
50 100
ITRMS = f(TPIN5), RthJ-PIN5 = 16.5 K/W Thermocouple measurement must be performed potentially separated to A1 and A2. Measuring junction as near as possible at the case.
0 - 60 - 40 - 20
iil410_05
0
20
40
60
80
100
iil410_08
0 50
60
70
80
90
100
Ta - Ambient Temperature (C)
TPIN5 (C)
Fig. 8 - Current Reduction
Fig. 5 - Maximum LED Power Dissipation
103 5 Tj = 25 C 100 C
103 tgd = f (IFIFT 25 C), VD = 200 V f = 40 to 60 Hz, Parameter: Tj
IT (mA)
5
fgd (s)
102
IT = f(VT), Parameter: Tj
102 5 Tj = 25 C 100 C
101 5
100 0
iil410_06
1
2
3
4
101 100
iil410_09
5
101
5
102
VT (V)
IF/IFT25 C
Fig. 6 - Typical Output Characteristics
Fig. 9 - Typical Trigger Delay Time
Document Number: 83627 Rev. 1.6, 09-Jan-08
For technical questions, contact: optocoupler.answers@vishay.com
www.vishay.com 5
IL410/IL4108
Vishay Semiconductors Optocoupler, Phototriac Output, Zero
Crossing, High dV/dt, Low Input Current
TECHNICAL INFORMATION COMMUTATING BEHAVIOR
103 Tj = 25 C 100 C
102 5
The use of a TRIAC at the output creates difficulties in commutation due to both the built-in coupled thyristor systems. The TRIAC can remain conducting by parasitic triggering after turning off the control current. However, if the IL410/4108 is equipped with two separate thyristor chips featuring high dV/dt strength, no RC circuit is needed in case of commutation.
IDINH (s)
101 5 IDINH = f (IF /IFT 25 C), VD = 600 V, Parameter: Tj 0
iil410_10
CURRENT COMMUTATION:
The values 100 A/ms with following peak reverse recovery current > 80 mA should not be exceeded.
100 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
IF/IFT25 C
Fig. 10 - Typical Inhibit Current
AVOIDING HIGH-FREQUENCY CURRENT OSCILLATIONS:
TURN-OFF
0.6 0.5 40 to 60 Hz Line Operation, Ptot = f(ITRMS)
This effect can occur when switching a circuit. Current oscillations which appear essentially with inductive loads of a higher winding capacity result in current commutation and can generate a relatively high peak reverse recovery current. The following alternating protective measures are recommended for the individual operating states:
Ptot (W)
0.4 0.3
1
0.2 0.1 0 0
iil410_11
6
2
5
0.1 F
220 V~
100
200
300
ITRMS (mA)
3
4
Fig. 11 - Power Dissipation 40 to 60 Hz Line Operation
iil410_13
12 V
Tj = 25 C 100 C
Fig. 13 - 1 - Apply a Capacitor to the Supply Pins at the Load-Side
VDINH min. (V)
10
33
8
1
6
VDINH min = f (IF/IFT25C), parameter: Tj Device zero voltage switch can be triggered only in hatched are below Tj curves.
6
2
5
22 nF
220 V~
4 100
iil410_12
3
5 101 5 102
4
IF/IFT25 C
Fig. 12 - Typical Static Inhibit Voltage Limit
iil410_14
Fig. 14 - 2 - Connect a Series Resistor to the Output and Bridge Both by a Capacitor www.vishay.com 6 For technical questions, contact: optocoupler.answers@vishay.com Document Number: 83627 Rev. 1.6, 09-Jan-08
IL410/IL4108
Optocoupler, Phototriac Output, Zero Vishay Semiconductors Crossing, High dV/dt, Low Input Current
500 H 1 6
here as a driver and thus enables the driving of thyristors and triacs of higher performance by microprocessors. The driving current pulse should not exceed the maximum permissible surge current of the IL410/IL4108. For this reason, the IL410/IL4108 without zero voltage switch often requires current limiting by a series resistor.
22 nF 220 V~
2
5
The favorably low latching current in this operating mode results in AC current switches which can handle load currents from some milliamperes up to high currents.
3
4
APPLICATION NOTE
Over voltage protection: A voltage-limiting varistor (e.g. SIO VS05K250) which directly connected to the IL410/IL4108 can protect the component against overvoltage.
iil410_15
Fig. 15 - 3 - Connect a Choke of Low Winding Cap. in Series, e.g., a Ringcore Choke, with Higher Load Currents Note Measures 2 to 3 are especially required for the load separated from the IL410/IL4108 during operation. The above mentioned effects do not occur with IL410/IL4108 circuits which are connected to the line by transformers and which are not mechanically interrupted. In such cases as well as in applications with a resistive load the corresponding protective circuits can be neglected.
CONTROL AND TURN-ON BEHAVIOR
The trigger current of the IL410/IL4108 has a positive temperature gradient. The time which expires from applying the control current to the turn-on of the load current is defined as the trigger delay time (tgd). On the whole this is a function of the overdrive meaning the ratio of the applied control current versus the trigger current (IF/IFT). If the value of the control current corresponds to that of the individual trigger current of IL410/4108 turn-on delay times amounts to a few milliseconds only. The shortest times of 5.0 to 10 ms can be achieved for an overdrive greater or equal than 10. The trigger delay time rises with an increase in temperature. For very short control current pulses (tpIF < 500 s) a correspondingly higher control current must be used. Only the IL410/IL4108 without zero voltage switch is suitable for this operating mode.
ZERO VOLTAGE SWITCH
The IL410/IL4108 with zero voltage switch can only be triggered during the zero crossing the sine AC voltage. This prevents current spikes, e.g. when turning-on cold lamps or capacitive loads.
APPLICATIONS
Direct switching operation: The IL410/IL4108 switch is mainly suited to control synchronous motors, valves, relays and solenoids in Gratz circuits. Due to the low latching current (500 A) and the lack of an RC circuit at the output, very low load currents can easily be switched. Indirect switching operation: The IL410/IL4108 switch acts
Document Number: 83627 Rev. 1.6, 09-Jan-08 For technical questions, contact: optocoupler.answers@vishay.com www.vishay.com 7
IL410/IL4108
Vishay Semiconductors Optocoupler, Phototriac Output, Zero
Crossing, High dV/dt, Low Input Current
PACKAGE DIMENSIONS in inches (millimeters)
3
2
1
Pin one ID
0.248 (6.30) 0.256 (6.50) ISO method A 4 5 6
0.335 (8.50) 0.343 (8.70) 0.039 (1.00) min. 0.048 (1.22) 0.052 (1.32) 0.130 (3.30) 0.150 (3.81) 4 typ. 0.033 (0.84) typ. 0.018 (0.46) 0.020 (0.51)
i178014
0.300 (7.62) typ.
18 3 - 9 0.008 (0.20) 0.012 (0.30) 0.300 to 0.347 (7.62 to 8.81)
0.130 (3.30) 0.150 (3.81)
0.033 (0.84) typ. 0.100 (2.54) typ.
Option 6
0.407 (10.36) 0.391 (9.96) 0.307 (7.8) 0.291 (7.4) 0.028 (0.7) min.
Option 7
0.300 (7.62) typ.
Option 9
0.375 (9.53) 0.395 (10.03 ) 0.300 (7.62) ref. 0.180 (4.6) 0.160 (4.1) 0.0040 (0.102) 0.0098 (0.249) 0.020 (0.51 ) 0.040 (1.02 ) 0.315 (8.00) min.
18450
0.315 (8.0) min. 0.014 (0.35) 0.010 (0.25) 0.400 (10.16) 0.430 (10.92) 0.331 (8.4) min. 0.406 (10.3) max.
0.012 (0.30 ) typ.
15 max.
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For technical questions, contact: optocoupler.answers@vishay.com
Document Number: 83627 Rev. 1.6, 09-Jan-08
IL410/IL4108
Optocoupler, Phototriac Output, Zero Vishay Semiconductors Crossing, High dV/dt, Low Input Current
OZONE DEPLETING SUBSTANCES POLICY STATEMENT
It is the policy of Vishay Semiconductor GmbH to 1. Meet all present and future national and international statutory requirements. 2. Regularly and continuously improve the performance of our products, processes, distribution and operating systems with respect to their impact on the health and safety of our employees and the public, as well as their impact on the environment. It is particular concern to control or eliminate releases of those substances into the atmosphere which are known as ozone depleting substances (ODSs). The Montreal Protocol (1987) and its London Amendments (1990) intend to severely restrict the use of ODSs and forbid their use within the next ten years. Various national and international initiatives are pressing for an earlier ban on these substances. Vishay Semiconductor GmbH has been able to use its policy of continuous improvements to eliminate the use of ODSs listed in the following documents. 1. Annex A, B and list of transitional substances of the Montreal Protocol and the London Amendments respectively. 2. Class I and II ozone depleting substances in the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in the USA. 3. Council Decision 88/540/EEC and 91/690/EEC Annex A, B and C (transitional substances) respectively. Vishay Semiconductor GmbH can certify that our semiconductors are not manufactured with ozone depleting substances and do not contain such substances.
We reserve the right to make changes to improve technical design and may do so without further notice. Parameters can vary in different applications. All operating parameters must be validated for each customer application by the customer. Should the buyer use Vishay Semiconductors products for any unintended or unauthorized application, the buyer shall indemnify Vishay Semiconductors against all claims, costs, damages, and expenses, arising out of, directly or indirectly, any claim of personal damage, injury or death associated with such unintended or unauthorized use. Vishay Semiconductor GmbH, P.O.B. 3535, D-74025 Heilbronn, Germany
Document Number: 83627 Rev. 1.6, 09-Jan-08
For technical questions, contact: optocoupler.answers@vishay.com
www.vishay.com 9
Legal Disclaimer Notice
Vishay
Disclaimer
All product specifications and data are subject to change without notice. Vishay Intertechnology, Inc., its affiliates, agents, and employees, and all persons acting on its or their behalf (collectively, "Vishay"), disclaim any and all liability for any errors, inaccuracies or incompleteness contained herein or in any other disclosure relating to any product. Vishay disclaims any and all liability arising out of the use or application of any product described herein or of any information provided herein to the maximum extent permitted by law. The product specifications do not expand or otherwise modify Vishay's terms and conditions of purchase, including but not limited to the warranty expressed therein, which apply to these products. No license, express or implied, by estoppel or otherwise, to any intellectual property rights is granted by this document or by any conduct of Vishay. The products shown herein are not designed for use in medical, life-saving, or life-sustaining applications unless otherwise expressly indicated. Customers using or selling Vishay products not expressly indicated for use in such applications do so entirely at their own risk and agree to fully indemnify Vishay for any damages arising or resulting from such use or sale. Please contact authorized Vishay personnel to obtain written terms and conditions regarding products designed for such applications. Product names and markings noted herein may be trademarks of their respective owners.
Document Number: 91000 Revision: 18-Jul-08
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